Broadband 101

Introduction

Broadband is essential for the economic well-being of communities and is a crucial infrastructure for creating an economy for all in Wisconsin. However, expanding broadband infrastructure and maximizing broadband adoption can be complex and challenging. This toolkit aims to help economic development professionals and planners by providing a foundation for developing broadband infrastructure. It identifies key partners and resources to support communities at both local and regional levels and assists in creating tailored solutions to meet the specific needs of Wisconsin’s rural regions.

A lack of broadband access in Wisconsin stifles economic development and puts business, industry, and agriculture at a disadvantage — especially in rural areas. Prioritizing broadband expansion and working to diminish the digital divide helps our state utilize the benefits of connectivity and enables Wisconsin to reach its full potential.

Summer Strand, Chairperson, Public Service Commission of Wisconsin

bead funding in wisconsin

In 2021, The Bipartisan Infrastructure Law established the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) Program, aimed at ensuring high-speed internet access for all Wisconsinites. BEAD will fund the deployment of fiber and other qualifying technologies to provide a minimum service of 100 Mbps download and 20 Mbps upload to households and businesses lacking access.  The BEAD program defines unserved areas as lacking download speeds of 25 and upload speeds of 3 and underserved areas lacking download speeds of 100 and upload speeds of 20. Wisconsin has been allocated $1,055,823,574, determined by a formula based on the state’s proportion of locations without broadband service, as identified using Federal Communications Commission (FCC) maps.

For more information on the Wisconsin BEAD Five-Year Action Plan and timeline for BEAD implementation, see the Internet for All webpage

Access to reliable, high-speed internet access has become a necessity of modern life.  Broadband is increasingly necessary for business, education and personal use. Local, regional, and state economic development organizations throughout Wisconsin are working together to connect communities to the benefits of the internet by ensuring accurate broadband coverage through speed data, expanding coverage, and increasing affordability across Wisconsin.

Defining Broadband

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) defines broadband as having minimum benchmark speeds of 100 Megabits per second (Mbps) download and 20 Mbps upload.

The term “broadband” originates from the concept of “broad bandwidth” in telecommunications. Broadband technologies are designed to carry multiple signals simultaneously over a single communication channel or medium, utilizing a broad bandwidth. This allows for high-speed data transmission and the ability to support various services like internet access, television, and voice communication all at once. The term “broadband” became widely used as a way to distinguish high-speed, high-capacity internet services from older, slower technologies like dial-up, which had much narrower bandwidth and could only handle one task at a time.

Five A’s, Plus One of Broadband

The Five A’s of broadband are a great lens to view broadband goals. Each element is important to broadband expansion and adoption. By using each A as a lens for regional planning, action steps and initiatives can be identified to resolve or enhance each core broadband issue.

5 As plus one of Broadband: Availability, Affordability, Adequacy, Accessibility, Adoptability, Digital Security
Broadband availability refers to the ability to access high-speed internet in a specific area and how easily people can connect to it. This includes the types of connections available, such as fiber, cable, or DSL, as well as the ease with which residents and businesses can subscribe to these services.

Broadband adequacy refers to how well a broadband internet connection meets users’ needs and expectations in terms of speed, reliability, and overall performance. Adequate broadband should support various online activities, such as banking, telehealth, shopping, online education, remote work, gaming, and streaming, allowing users to perform these tasks effectively.

Affordability refers to the degree to which the cost of broadband internet service is reasonable for individuals, households, or businesses without undo financial strain. (Digital Equity)

Broadband adoption refers to how individuals, households, businesses, or organizations begin using and integrating broadband internet services into their daily lives and operations. It involves not only having access to high-speed internet but also subscribing to a broadband service and having the digital skills required to use devices effectively and navigate the internet securely and conveniently.

Broadband accessibility refers to how easily users can access and utilize high-speed internet to fully benefit from its services. This concept extends beyond mere availability and includes factors such as physical access, affordability, support for disabilities, digital literacy, and practical usability. Accessible internet encompasses adaptive technologies, website translation for non-English speakers, accessible design for individuals with low literacy or disabilities, and ensuring that all Wisconsin residents can access essential services through broadband.

Digital security, also known as cybersecurity, is the protection of digital information, systems, and networks from unauthorized access, attacks, damage, or theft. It encompasses a range of practices, technologies, and measures designed to safeguard data and maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of digital assets.

Key Resources

The Wisconsin Public Service Commission’s Broadband Newsletter page provides updates and information about broadband initiatives in the state. Subscribers can access news on funding opportunities, program announcements, and resources for improving broadband access. The newsletter aims to keep residents, providers, and stakeholders informed about developments that impact broadband availability and affordability in Wisconsin. For more information, visit: Wisconsin Broadband Newsletter.

The USDA’s 2021 Broadband Resource Guide outlines various programs and funding opportunities aimed at expanding high-speed internet access in rural America. It highlights the importance of broadband for economic development, education, healthcare, and overall quality of life. The guide details USDA’s role in supporting broadband infrastructure through loans, grants, and partnerships, emphasizing the need for collaboration among federal, state, tribal, and local entities. Key programs include the ReConnect Program, Distance Learning and Telemedicine Program, and Telecommunications Infrastructure Loans and Loan Guarantees. Read More.

Who’s who of
rural broadband

Broadband overview

Regional & Tribal
Planning